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Neck Region |2725|
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“Cervical Region (Neck Region)”  
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Neck

  In our body, the Cervical Region (Neck Region), commonly known as the Neck, is the part of the upper body including the neck, anterior throat region and posterior cervical region of the back, that distinguishes the head from our trunk (torso). *
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“Thyroid Gland”  
Thyroid & Parathyroid Glands

Thyroid

  In our body's neck, the Thyroid Gland, located inferior to (below) the thyroid cartilage (adam's apple) and at approximately the same level as the cricoid cartilage, is a small (weighing less than one ounce), butterfly-shaped endocrine gland consisting of two lobes connected by an isthmus, situated at the front and sides of the neck, anterior to the trachea, just inferior to the larynx, and behind the sternohyoid and thyrohyoid muscles.

Thyroid Hormones

  In our body's neck, the Thyroid Gland is a highly vascular organ, deriving its blood from the superior and inferior thyroid arteries, and produces hormones that stimulate body heat production, bone growth, and the body's metabolism **
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“Parathyroid Glands (Parathyroids)”  
Thyroid & Parathyroid Glands

Parathyroids (Parathyroid Glands)

  In our body's neck, the Parathyroid Glands (Parathyroids), are two pairs (four) of small endocrine glands (ductless glands), usually located behind the thyroid gland, but in rare cases, within the thyroid gland or in the chest.

In our body's neck, the Parathyroid Glands are four small masses of epithelial tissue embedded in the connective tissue capsule on the posterior surface of the thyroid glands. The Parathyroid Glands secrete the Parathyroid Hormone (PTH, parathormone).

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

  In our body's neck, the Parathyroid Glands secrete the parathyroid hormone (PTH, parathormone).

In our body, the Parathyroid Hormone is the most important regulator of blood calcium (Ca) levels. The hormone is secreted in response to low blood calcium levels, and its effect is to increase those levels. **

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“Hyoid Bone (Lingual Bone)”  
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Hyoid Bone

  In our body's neck, the Hyoid (Lingual Bone) is a horseshoe-shaped bone situated in the anterior midline of the neck between the chin and the thyroid cartilage.
  In our body, the Hyoid (Lingual Bone) at rest lies at the level of the base of the mandible in the front and the third cervical vertebra (C3) behind suspended by ligaments from the processes of the temporal bones and firmly bound to the thyroid cartilage by muscles.
  In our body, the Hyoid suspends the larynx **
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References & Citations:
1. Uthus EO. et al "Effect of vanadium, iodine and their interaction on growth, blood variables, liver trace elements and thyroid status indices in rats"   Magnes Trace Elem. 1990;9(4):219-26  
2. Liu YJ. et al "Association of insulin-like growth factor-1 with thyroid nodules"   Oncol Lett. 2011 Nov;2(6):1297-1301  
3. Gorini F. et al "Selenium: An Element of Life Essential for Thyroid Function"   Molecules 2021 Nov 23;26(23):7084  
 
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