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Omega-3 Fatty Acids |76410|
Omega-3 Fatty Acids Subsets
alpha-Linolenic Acid
DHA
DHA
EPA
See Also ↔
 
 
“Omega-3 Fatty Acids (n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids)”  

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

  In lipid science, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, aka É−3 fatty acids or n−3 fatty acids, are fats in the polyunsaturated fat group (PUFAs) of unsaturated fatty acids, which have the first unsaturated bond in the third position (n-3) from the omega carbon.
  The most common researched Omega-3 fatty acid biosynthetic pathways include:
Some examples of commmon Omega-3 fatty acids with nomenclatures include:
  • Hexadecatrienoic acid (HTA) is a lipid 16:3 (n-3) with the chemical name: all-cis-7,10,13-hexadecatrienoic acid
  • α-Linolenic acid (ALA) is a lipid 18:3 (n-3) with the chemical name: all-cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid
  • Stearidonic acid (SDA) is a lipid 18:4 (n-3) with the chemical name: all-cis-6,9,12,15-octadecatetraenoic acid
  • Eicosatrienoic acid (ETE) is a lipid 20:3 (n-3) with the chemical name: all-cis-11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid
  • Eicosatetraenoic acid (ETA) is a lipid 20:4 (n-3) with the chemical name: all-cis-8,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid
  • Eicosapentaenoic ecid (EPA) is a lipid 20:5 (n-3) with the chemical name: all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid
  • Heneicosapentaenoic acid (HPA) is a lipid 21:5 (n-3) with the chemical name: all-cis-6,9,12,15,18-heneicosapentaenoic acid
  • Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), aka Clupanodonic acid, is a lipid 22:5 (n-3) with the chemical name: all-cis-7,10,13,16,19-docosapentaenoic acid
  • Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a lipid 22:6 (n-3) with the chemical name: all-cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid
  • Tetracosapentaenoic acid is a lipid 24:5 (n-3) with the chemical name: all-cis-9,12,15,18,21-tetracosapentaenoic acid
  • Tetracosahexaenoic acid (Nisinic acid) is a lipid 24:6 (n-3) with the chemical name: all-cis-6,9,12,15,18,21-tetracosahexaenoic acid
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“Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)”  
DHA Structure   In lipid science, Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a 22:6(n-3) omega-3, long-chain fatty acid, is a carboxylic acid with a 22-carbon chain and six cis double bonds; the first double bond located at the third carbon from the omega end.
  In nature, Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a C22-polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) produced by algae, found predominantly in animals who eat algae in their food chain.
  In our body, Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a dietary essential omega-3 fatty acid, found most abundant in the brain and retina, is a major fatty acid component of the neuronal membrane, concentrated in membrane phospholipids at synapses, and in retinal photoreceptors, that may be derived metabolically from EPA. **
[81949]
“Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)”  

EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)

  In lipid science, Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA), 20:5(n-3), is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, a carboxylic acid with a 20-carbon chain and five cis double bonds; the first double bond is located at the third carbon from the omega end.
  In our body, the omega-3 fatty acid, Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) may act as a precursor for Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), prostaglandin-3, thromboxane-3, leukotriene-5 groups, and all eicosanoids, with a broad range of potentially beneficial cardiovascular effects. **
Eicosapentaenoic acid Structure
[81950]
“alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA)”  

alpha-Linolenic Acid

  In lipid science, alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA), is an unsaturated omega-3 fatty acid. **
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References & Citations:
1. Oh DY. et al "GPR120 is an omega-3 fatty acid receptor mediating potent anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects"   Cell. 2010 Sep 3;142(5):687-98  
2. Adarme-Vega TC. et al "Microalgal biofactories: a promising approach towards sustainable omega-3 fatty acid production"   Microb Cell Fact. 2012 Jul 25;11:96  
3. Lane K. et al "Bioavailability and potential uses of vegetarian sources of omega-3 fatty acids: a review of the literature"   Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2014;54(5):572-9  
4. Lukiw WJ. et al "A role for docosahexaenoic acid-derived neuroprotectin D1 in neural cell survival and Alzheimer disease"   J Clin Invest. 2005 Oct;115(10):2774-83  
5. Wang PY. et al "Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation of primary rat hippocampal neurons attenuates the neurotoxicity induced by aggregated amyloid beta protein(42) and up-regulates cytoskeletal protein expression"   J Nutr Biochem. 2010 Apr;21(4):345-50. Epub 2009 May 7  
6. Li N. et al "Arginyl-glutamine dipeptide or docosahexaenoic acid attenuates hyperoxia-induced small intestinal injury in neonatal mice"   J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2012 Apr;54(4):499-504  
7. Adarme-Vega TC. et al "Microalgal biofactories: a promising approach towards sustainable omega-3 fatty acid production"   Microb Cell Fact. 2012 Jul 25;11:96  
8. Tabbaa M. et al "Docosahexaenoic acid, inflammation, and bacterial dysbiosis in relation to periodontal disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and the metabolic syndrome"   Nutrients. 2013 Aug 19;5(8):3299-310  
9. Brinton EA. et al "Prescription omega-3 fatty acid products containing highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)"   Lipids Health Dis. 2017 Jan 31;16(1):23  
10. Arellanes IC. et al "Brain delivery of supplemental docosahexaenoic acid (DHA): A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial"   EBioMedicine 2020 Jul 17;102883  
11. Comitini F. "The Docosahexanoic Acid: From the Maternal-Fetal Dyad to Early Life Toward Metabolomics"   Front Pediatr 2020 Sep 30;8:538  
12. Adarme-Vega TC. et al "Microalgal biofactories: a promising approach towards sustainable omega-3 fatty acid production"   Microb Cell Fact. 2012 Jul 25;11:96  
13. Brinton EA. et al "Prescription omega-3 fatty acid products containing highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)"   Lipids Health Dis. 2017 Jan 31;16(1):23  
 
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