“Pathologic Processes”  

Pathological Processes

  In our body, Pathologic Processes are the abnormal mechanisms and forms involved in the dysfunctions of tissues and organs.

Pathogenesis

  In our body, Pathogenesis is the mechanism that causes the Pathologic Processes, including the origin and development of a dis-ease, a dis-order, or any abnormality, which may also be described as acute, chronic, or recurrent.
  Examples of pathological processes include:

acantholysis ascites azotemia arrhythmia + cardiotoxicity channelopathies chromosome aberration + death + dehydration reactions delayed graft function diseases (dis-eases) + disease attributes + dysbiosis emphysema + femoracetabular impingement fibrosis + genomic instability + gliosis granulomas + growth dis-orders (growth abnormalities) fetal growth retardation leukoaraiosis

leukocytosis neoplastic processes anaplasia carcinogenesis cocarcinogenesis neoplastic cell transformation blast crisis (blast phase) viral cell transformation neoplasm invasiveness leukemic infiltration neoplasm metastasis circulating neoplastic cells lymphatic metastasis neoplasm micrometastases neoplasm seeding unknown primary neoplasms local neoplasm recurrence spontaneous neoplasm regression (spontaneous neoplasm remission) residual neoplasm oncogene addiction (oncogenic addiction) orofacial granulomatosis (cheilitis granulomatosa) ulcerations (ulcers)

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“Etiologies (Etiology)”  

Etiology

  In our body, Etiologies (Etiology) refers to the cause or part of the cause of a pathological process.

Idiopathic (Idiopathic Etiologies)

  Idiopathic (Idiopathic Etiologies) refers to the cause or part of the cause of a pathological process that has not been ascertained. **

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“Abnormalities (Abnormality)”  

Abnormality

  In our body, an Abnormality is a pathological term associated with something which is abnormal, which may include structural abnormalities, deviation from normal pathologies, conditions, dis-orders, congenital, hereditary, developmental and other etiologies. **

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“Diseases”  

Disease

  In our body, a Diseases refer to specific pathological process and conditions with well-defined clinical characteristics, signs, symptoms. These conditions can affect the entire body or specific parts of it.
  Diseases may have various causes, including infections, genetic abnormalities, environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and more, the pathology and prognosis of the diseases may be known or unknown.

Clinical Features

Diseases exhibit distinct clinical features, usually diagnosable based on standardized criteria, which may include specific symptoms, physical examination findings, laboratory tests, imaging studies, and other diagnostic methods.

Static & Dynamic Systems Disease Paths

Static & Dynamic Systems Disease Paths: Diseases can be categorized based on their effects on different systems in the body. Inflammation and tumorigenesis are examples of pathological changes related to cells, which are the smallest dynamic systems in the body. Inflammation involves the body's immune response to infection or injury, while tumorigenesis is the process of tumor formation.

Degeneration

Degeneration is a pathologic change related to small vesicles, which are the smallest static systems in the body, involving the deterioration of cells or tissues over time.

Etiology and Pathology

Understanding the etiology (cause) and pathology (nature) of diseases is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. The causes of diseases can vary widely, and in some cases, they may be well understood, while in others, they remain unknown or complex.

Prognosis

Prognosis refers to the expected course and outcome of a disease. It can range from mild and self-limiting conditions to severe and potentially life-threatening illnesses. Prognosis often depends on the specific disease, its stage at diagnosis, and the effectiveness of available treatments.

Diagnosis and Treatments

Diagnosis of diseases involves identifying the specific condition affecting an individual through a comprehensive evaluation of symptoms, physical examination, laboratory tests, and other diagnostic tools.

Once diagnosed, appropriate treatments, including medications, lifestyle modifications, and therapies, can be prescribed to manage or cure the disease.

  Examples of subsets, conditions, concepts, subjects and other related entities of diseases include:

infections infectious associated diseases (IAD) bacterial infections and mycoses infectious dis-ease parasitic infestation and infestation neoplasms musculoskeletal dis-eases digestive system dis-eases stomatognathic dis-eases respiratory tract dis-ease otorhinolaryngologic dis-eases nervous system dis-eases eye dis-eases cardiovascular dis-eases hemic and lymphatic dis-eases

urogenital diseases & dis-orders male urogenital dis-ease female urogenital diseases & pregnancy complications pregnancy complication female genitourinary diseases (female urogenital diseases) upper and common urogenital diseases congenital, hereditary, & neonatal diseases & abnormalities tissue diseases and health challenges skin and connective tissue dis-eases connective tissue dis-ease nutritional and metabolic dis-eases & dis-orders endocrine system dis-eases (endocrinopathies) immune system dis-eases dis-orders of environmental origin pathological conditions, signs and symptoms chemically-induced dis-orders wounds and injuries

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“Syndromes”  

Syndrome

  In our body, the pathological process called a Syndrome is a symptom cluster or a symptom complex, usually of an unknown etiology, characterized by a group of signs and symptoms occurring together, with characteristics to a particular abnormality.
  In our body, a Syndrome may involve a group of signs or symptoms that when added together help to identify a unique medical condition. **

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“Ulcers”  

Ulcer

  In our body, Ulcers is a pathologic process characterized by a lesion on the surface of the skin or a mucous surface, produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue. **

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“Neoplastic Processes”  

  In our body, Neoplastic Processes are pathological processes characterized by the physiological mechanisms and forms that tissues take on during degeneration into a neoplasm and the subsequent activities.
  In our body, Neoplastic Processes includes pathological processes such as anaplasia, cocarcinogenesis, neoplastic cell transformations, and the secondary metastatic neoplasm dis-eases (neoplasm metastases).
  Examples of neoplastic processes include:

• anaplasia
• carcinogenesis
  • cocarcinogenesis
  • neoplastic cell transformations
    • blast crisis (blast phase)
    • viral cell transformation
• neoplasm invasiveness
  • leukemic infiltration
• neoplasm metastasis
  • circulating neoplastic cells
  • lymphatic metastasis
  • neoplasm micrometastases
  • neoplasm seeding
  • unknown primary neoplasms
• local neoplasm recurrence (spontaneous neoplasm remission)
• spontaneous neoplasm regression
• residual neoplasm
• oncogene addiction (oncogenic addiction)

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“Death”  

  Death is the irreversible cessation of all bodily functions, manifested by absence of spontaneous breathing and total loss of cardiovascular and cerebral functions.
  Examples of some topic concerning death include:

• Asphyxia
• Body Remains
• Brain Death
• Cadaver
• Sudden Death
• Drowning
• Embryo Loss
• Fetal Death
• Infant Death
• Parental Death
• Perinatal Death

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“Acantholysis”  

  In and on our body's skin, as a skin dis-order, Acantholysis is a pathological process characterized by the separation of the prickle cells of the stratum spinosum of the epidermis, resulting in atrophy of the prickle cell layer.
  In our body, Acantholysis is seen in skin dis-eases such as Pemphigus (pemphigus vulgaris) and darier's disease (darier disease). **

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“Hemolysis”  

  In our body's red blood cells, the antigen-antibody reaction of Hemolysis is a pathological immune process characterized by the destruction of erythrocytes (red blood cells) by many different types of causal agents and the release of their cytoplasm contents into surrounding fluids.
  Examples of exotoxic agents that cause hemolysis include:

• esculin
• streptolysin

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“Ascites”  

  In our body, Ascites is a pathologic process characterized by an accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity. **

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“Muscle Weakness (Muscular Weakness)”  

Muscular Weakness

  In our body, Muscle Weaknesses, as a pathologic process are neuromuscular dis-orders, characterized by a vague feeling of debility, fatigue, or exhaustion attributable to weakness of various muscles. **

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“Laryngeal Granuloma (Granuloma of Larynx)”  

Laryngeal Granuloma

  In our body's throat, the laryngeal dis-ease, Laryngeal Granuloma (Granuloma of Larynx) is a tumor-like nodule or mass of inflammatory granulation tissue projecting into the lumen of the larynx.
  In our body's throat, the laryngeal dis-ease, Laryngeal Granuloma (Granuloma of Larynx), as a respiratory tract granuloma can lead to respiratory insufficiency. **

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