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Transforming Growth Factors |70432|
Transforming Growth Factors Subsets
TGF-alpha
Transforming Growth Factor beta Superfamily Proteins
DAND Gene Family
See Also ↔
 
 
“Transforming Growth Factors”  
  In our body, Transforming Growth Factors are hormonally active intercellular signaling polypeptides that induce a transformed phenotype when added to normal, non-transformed cells.
  In our body, some Transforming Growth Factors may have insulin-like growth factor activity.
  Examples of related include: *
[70606]
“Transforming Growth Factor alpha (TGF-alpha)”  

Transforming Growth Factor alpha

  In our body, Transforming Growth Factor alpha is a growth factor isolated in a variety of tissues including epithelium, and maternal decidua, closely related to epidermal growth factor and binds to the EGF receptor.
  In our body, Transforming Growth Factor alpha acts synergistically with the TGF-beta superfamily of proteins in inducing phenotypic transformation. **
[70801]
“Transforming Growth Factor beta Superfamily Proteins (TGF-beta Superfamily Proteins)”  

TGF-beta Superfamily Proteins

  In our body, Transforming Growth Factor beta Superfamily Proteins (TGF-beta Superfamily Proteins) is a large growth factor family of cell regulatory intercellular signaling proteins such as cytokines, structurally related to transforming growth factor beta, subdivided into at least three related protein families: bone morphogenetic proteins, growth differentiation factors and transforming growth factors.
  In our body's cells, the Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-รŽยฒ) Superfamily a play fundamental role in the regulation of basic biological processes such as growth, development, tissue homeostasis and regulation of the immune system.

TGF-beta1

  In our body's cells, the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta protein superfamily) is a large family of structurally related cell regulatory proteins that has four major subfamilies including: **
[70802]
“DAN Gene Family (DAND Gene Family)”  
  In our body, DAN Gene Family (DAND Gene Family) are members of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta protein superfamily), that form a diverse group of antagonists, originally identified as bone morphogenetic proteins inhibitors.
  The DAN gene family contains the following genes:
  • NBL1 gene (neuroblastoma 1, DAN family BMP antagonist)
  • GREM1 gene (gremlin 1, DAN family BMP antagonist)
  • GREM2 gene (gremlin 2, DAN family BMP antagonist)
  • CER1 gene (cerberus 1, DAN family BMP antagonist)
  • GREM1 gene (DAND2 gene) encoding the gremlin 1 (DAN domain BMP antagonist family member 5)
  • SOST gene (sclerostin)
  • SOSTDC1 gene (sclerostin domain containing 1)
**
[70695]
References & Citations:
1. Nolan K. et al "The DAN family: modulators of TGF-β signaling and beyond"   Protein Sci. 2014 Aug;23(8):999-1012  
2. Zhang Y. et al "Receptor-associated Mad homologues synergize as effectors of the TGF-beta response"   Nature. 1996 Sep 12;383(6596):168-72  
3. Nolan K. et al "The DAN family: modulators of TGF-β signaling and beyond"   Protein Sci. 2014 Aug;23(8):999-1012  
4. Wijayarathna R. "Activins in reproductive biology and beyond"   Hum. Reprod. Update 2016 Apr;22(3)342-357  
 
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